Analysis of the Effect of Land Cover Changes on River Water Quality in Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara

Abstract

Land cover change driven by urban development has become a major factor affecting environmental quality, particularly river water quality in Mataram City. The expansion of built-up areas and the reduction of natural vegetation potentially increase pollutant loads through surface runoff. This study aims to analyze the effect of land cover change on river water quality in Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara. This research employs a quantitative approach with an explanatory design. The research subjects consist of water sampling locations, with a total of 9 sampling points representing upstream, middle, and downstream areas. Data were collected through direct water quality measurements using laboratory instruments (pH meter, DO meter, and analysis of BOD, COD, and TSS), as well as satellite imagery analysis to obtain land cover data. Data analysis was conducted using statistical methods, including multiple linear regression and correlation analysis, supported by spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

The results show that land cover change has a significant effect on river water quality, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.72. The increase in built-up areas is positively correlated with higher BOD and COD levels, while vegetation contributes to maintaining water quality by increasing dissolved oxygen (DO). It can be concluded that land cover change is a dominant factor influencing river water quality. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of controlling land use conversion and increasing green open spaces as strategies for sustainable urban environmental management.